Palabras clave
Estado nutricional
Inflamación
Cirugía
Tracto gastrointestinal
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar la probable presencia de sarcopenia (SARC-F+ CC) y su asociación con el estado nutricional e inflamatorio en pacientes preoperatorios de cirugías del tracto digestivo y coloproctologicas. Métodos: Estudio observacional y transversal con pacientes preoperatorios ingresados en un hospital universitario. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y de laboratorio. Se midieron las mediciones antropométricas, la fuerza de agarre de la mano (FAM) y se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: SARC-F + CC, cribado de riesgo nutricional (NRS-2002) y Clasificación del Estado Nutricional (AND-ASPEN). Se aplicó la prueba Chi-cuadrado y se utilizó el Programa STATA®, versión 14.0. Resultados: Se evaluaron 85 pacientes, 64,7% mujeres, 29,4% ancianos y 24,7% con probable sarcopenia (SARC-F+ CC). No hubo asociación estadística de la probable existencia de sarcopenia con factores sociodemográficos y categoría quirúrgica (oncológica o no). La probable sarcopenia se asoció significativamente con bajo peso y eutrofia (IMC) (p=0,001); FAM reducida (p=0,003); riesgo nutricional (NRS-2002) (p=0,035); desnutrición grave asociada a enfermedad crónica/aguda (AND-ASPEN) (p<0,001); valores altos de PCR (p=0,004); e hipoalbuminemia (p=0,001). Conclusión: La probable sarcopenia (SARC-F + CC) se asocia significativamente con inflamación, ausencia de sobrepeso (IMC) y peor estado nutricional (FAM; NRS-2002; AND-ASPEN) en pacientes preoperatorios de cirugías del tracto digestivo y coloproctologicas.
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