Resumen
Objetivo: Describir los principales tipos de coronavirus en humanos reportados en la literatura y su diagnóstico, con el fin de brindar una orientación confiable sobre este tema de gran importancia para la salud pública en el contexto actual. Revisión bibliográfica: Los coronavirus han sido estudiados desde la década de 1930 en episodios de infecciones entre animales. El primer caso en humanos fue en 1960. Los virus con repercusión clínica en humanos fueron el SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV y SARS-CoV-2. El covid-19 fue el más agresivo, siendo responsable de millones de muertes en todo el mundo. Esta enfermedad ha dejado huellas de daños políticos, sociales, económicos y de salud pública irreparables, mitigados solo después de la vacunación de la población. El método de prevención de enfermedades sigue siendo la bioseguridad y la vacunación. El estándar de oro en el diagnóstico se configura en RT-PCR y el tratamiento aún no se ha establecido con un consenso entre los investigadores. Consideraciones finales: El coronavirus ha llamado la atención de científicos y profanos. El coronavirus se ha investigado durante décadas, pero con la amenaza a la salud humana, la profundización de las investigaciones sobre el tema se ha incrementado.
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