Palabras clave
Factores de Riesgo.
Epidemiología.
Salud del Anciano.
Salud Pública.
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar los principales factores asociados a las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en la población anciana. Métodos: Estudio de revisión integradora realizado mediante búsqueda de datos en PubMed, la Biblioteca Cochrane y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). La selección de estudios se realizó entre octubre y diciembre de 2022, utilizando los descriptores: Enfermedades Crónicas, Ancianos y Factores de Riesgo. Se aplicó el operador booleano AND para correlacionar sujetos. Resultados: Esta revisión constó de 13 producciones, publicadas entre 2019 y 2022, ocho indexadas en PubMed, cuatro en BVS y una en Cochrane. El análisis de los estudios resultó en el levantamiento de tres unidades temáticas (UT): UT1 - Factores de riesgo para ECNT relacionados con el envejecimiento, condiciones de salud y hábitos de vida; UT2 - Condiciones socioeconómicas, demográficas y psicosociales asociadas al riesgo de ECNT; y UT3 - Exposición longitudinal a factores de riesgo de ECNT y problemas de salud. Consideraciones finales: Este estudio reveló que, además de los factores biológicos, se debe considerar y comprender que las condiciones demográficas, socioeconómicas y psicológicas influyen longitudinalmente en la aparición y el empeoramiento de enfermedades crónicas, especialmente en la población anciana.
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