Palabras clave
HIV
Hueso
Osteoporosis
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Resumen
Objectivo: Analizar aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la baja masa ósea en mujeres menopáusicas con VIH. Revision bibliográfica: El mayor acceso a la terapia antirretroviral (TAR) resultó en una mejor supervivencia para las personas que viven con el VIH, lo que ha permitido que esta población envejezca. En el caso de las mujeres, muchas están llegando a la fase del climaterio/menopausia, cuya mayor complejidad de manejo constituye un gran desafío para el clínico. En las mujeres que viven con el VIH (MVH), además de los factores de riesgo tradicionales y específicos para esta infección viral, el hipoestrogenismo, resultante de la insuficiencia ovárica, da como resultado una masa ósea más baja y un riesgo potencial de fracturas. La evidencia sugiere la detección periódica de baja masa ósea, suplementos de calcio y vitamina D y tratamiento de la osteoporosis con bisfosfonatos. Consideraciones finales: Todavía no hay estudios sobre el efecto de la terapia hormonal en la menopausia sobre el hueso en MVH. Es importante que los médicos sean conscientes de que la MVH posmenopáusica constituye un grupo de riesgo de baja masa ósea, lo que requiere un manejo diferenciado que va mucho más allá del control de la infección viral.
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