Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la detección de las principales dermatosis infantiles en el ambulatorio pediátrico y trazar el perfil clínico-epidemiológico de los pacientes atendidos en un Centro de Salud Escolar. Metodos: Este es un estudio transversal y observacional, basado en datos de registros físicos y recogido por medio de formularios. Se incluyeron los pacientes con quejas dermatológicas atendidos en el período de enero a diciembre de 2021 en un ambulatoria de pediatría general en el estado de Pará. Resultados: Se analizaron 721 expedientes medicos. La mayoría de los pacientes eran niños (53,53%) y el grupo de edad más frecuente fue el de alumnos escolares (36,06%). Las clases diagnósticas más prevalentes fueron las enfermedades eczematosas (24%), predominantemente la dermatitis atópica (13,88%). Solo 90 pacientes necesitaron enrutamiento al servicio especializado. Se observó que 27,6% ya hubiera iniciado alguna forma de automedicación antes de la consulta pediátrica. Conclusión: este estudio agrega conocimientos actualizados sobre el tema, sirviendo como base para estrategias de salud en esa población.
Referencias
ANABA EL, et al. Prevalence, pattern, source of drug information, and reasons for self‐medication among dermatology patients. Dermatologic Therapy, 2021; 34(2).
BRAGA, SG, et al. Dermatite atópica: uma revisão dos seus impactos na qualidade de vida de pacientes pediátricos. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2023; 6(1): 783-793.
CALHEIROS CML, et al. Ectoparasitos ou suas lesões sugestivas em escolares de duas instituições da rede pública de um município do Nordeste brasileiro. Diversitas Journal, 2020; 5(4): 2849-2867.
DE LIMA REIGADA CL, et al. Atenção Primária à Saúde, Diagnóstico Precoce das Doenças Dermatológicas e seu Impacto Social. Revista Saber Digital, 2018; 11(2): 71-84.
EZOMIKE N, et al. Epidemiology and pattern of superficial fungal infections among primary school children in Enugu, south-east Nigeria. Malawi Medical Journal, 2021; 33(1): 21-27.
FERREIRA FR, et al. Prevalência de dermatoses pediátricas em um hospital universitário na região sudeste do Brasil. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 2011; 86(3): 477-82.
GAUCHAN E, et al. Relation of Sociodemographics and personal hygiene on different childhood Dermatoses. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 2015; 13(1): 29-33.
GIAVINA BIANCHI M, et al. The majority of skin lesions in pediatric primary care attention could be managed by Teledermatology. PLoS One, 2019; 14(12): e0225479.
GUNATHILAKA N, et al. Prevalence of ectoparasitic infections and other dermatological infections and their associated factors among School children in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, 2019.
HADI HA, et al. The Epidemiology and Global Burden of Atopic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2021; 11(9):936.
KARIMKHANI C, et al. Global skin disease morbidity and mortality: an update from the global burden of disease study 2013. JAMA dermatology, 2017; 153, (5): 406-412.
KELBORE AG, et al. Pattern of skin diseases in children attending a dermatology clinic in a referral hospital in Wolaita Sodo, southern Ethiopia. BMC dermatology, 2019; 19: 1-8.
MARIM FA, et al. Automedicação em crianças em idade pré-escolar no município de Aparecida D’Oeste, São Paulo. Revista Univap, 2017; 27(55).
MEMON KN, et al. Pattern of skin diseases in patients visiting a tertiary care health facility at Hyderabad, Pakistan. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, 2011; 23(4): 37-39.
MIOTTO IZ, et al. Pediatric dermatoses pattern at a Brazilian reference center. Jornal de Pediatria, 2021; 97: 211-218.
OJULE I e AZUBOGU US. Prevalence and Types of Skin Diseases Seen among Children Attending the Children’s Outpatient Clinic in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Nigeria-A Descriptive Study. International Journal of Tropical Disease & Health, 2021; 42(2): 39-46.
ONINLA OA. et al. Pattern of paediatric dermatoses at dermatology clinics in Ile-Ife and Ilesha, Nigeria. Paediatrics and International Child Health, 2016; 36(2): 106-112.
PADOVEZE EH, et al. Cross-sectional descriptive study of topical self-medication in a Hospital Dermatology Department in the State of São Paulo. Anais Bras de Dermatologia, 2012; 87(1): 163-5.
PEREIRA NG, et al. Doenças dermatológicas e fatores de risco associados em crianças do Norte do Brasil: uma atualização entre 2014-2019. Residência Pediátrica, 2021; 11(1): 1-6.
PRINDAVILLE B, et al. Pediatric dermatology: past, present, and future. Pediatric Dermatology, 2015; 32(1): 1-12.
RANAIVO IM, et al. Clinicoepidemiology of Skin Diseases in Children Seen at the University Hospital Center Morafeno, Toamasina, Madagascar. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2021; 2021.
SAKIYAMA RR e ABAGGE KT. Dermatoses na infância: perfil dos pacientes atendidos no mutirão de dermatologia pediátrica. Residência Pediátrica, 2021; 11(2): 1-7.
SÁNCHEZ-BORGES M, et al. Demographic and clinical profiles in patients with acute urticaria. Allergologia et immunopathologia, 2015; 43(4): 409-415.
SÁNCHEZ J, et al. Exposure and sensitization to insects in allergic patients in the tropics. Biomedica, 2018; 38: 80-86.
THUMMANAPALLY N, et al. Prevalence of childhood skin disorders attending at outpatient pediatric hospital. Prevalence, 2020; 13(5).
VALLARELLI AFA e SOUZA EM. Disseminated tungiasis. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 2011; 86: 1027-1028.
WILMER EN, et al. Most common dermatologic conditions encountered by dermatologists and nondermatologists. Cutis, 2014; 94(6): 285-292.
