Palabras clave
infecciones respiratorias
factores de riesgo
prevención
control de infección
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Resumen
Objetivo: Verificar el perfil de los pacientes ingresados en una UTI de adultos y los factores de riesgo asociados a la ocurrencia de NAV. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020, cuyos participantes fueron personas internadas en la UTI de adultos de un hospital de ES. Resultados: Un total de 425 personas fueron incluidas en el estudio. La regresión logística binaria multinomial mostró que los pacientes con tiempo de VM entre 10 y 14 días (OR = 6,94; p < 0,001; IC 95 % = 1,99 – 24,42) y más de 14 días (OR = 7,15; p < 0,001; 95 % IC = 2,78 – 20,94) eran más propensos a VAP. Se encontraron asociaciones entre enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (OR = 2,75; p < 0,05; IC 95% = 0,64 – 9,87), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (OR = 2,70; p < 0,001; IC 95% = 1,13 – 6,34), COVID- 19 (OR = 2,07; p < 0,01; IC 95% = 0,75 – 5,38) y aparición de VAP. Conclusión: Los pacientes con mayor duración de la VM, con comorbilidades y hospitalizados por infección por COVID-19 tienen alto riesgo de desarrollar NAVM.
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