Resumen
Objetivo: Comparar el rendimiento de los estudiantes en la evaluación cardiovascular utilizando un paciente virtual en comparación con un paciente estandarizado. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado, realizado en una institución médica privada, que comenzó en agosto de 2020 y finalizó en diciembre de 2020. Para la evaluación se utilizaron dos escalas creadas por los autores y validadas por consenso por los profesores de los autores. Las métricas utilizadas son del análisis descriptivo exploratorio y de la teoría clásica de medición para el análisis de las escalas. Resultados: La aleatorización se realizó mediante sobre cerrado, donde 33 alumnos (52,4%) para el entrenamiento con paciente virtual y 30 alumnos (47,6%) para el grupo control con paciente estandarizado. Después de 3 meses, los alumnos realizaron una evaluación sobre el mismo caso clínico. El ítem de hipótesis diagnóstica mostró la mayor diferencia, con una puntuación del 53,3% en el paciente virtual frente a una puntuación del 26,7% en el grupo de control. Este dato corrobora lo que la literatura refiere como la mayor ganancia en el uso de esta estrategia. Conclusión: El paciente virtual se utilizó de forma experimental y durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Los pacientes virtuales ofrecen oportunidades para recibir comentarios individualizados, revisar las acciones tomadas durante la interacción y permitir la comparación con los protocolos de mejores prácticas.
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