Palabras clave
Médicos
Pandemia
COVID-19
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia del burnout entre médicos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura, realizada a través de investigaciones en bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed y SciELO, seleccionando 23 estudios relevantes publicados entre 2020 y 2023. Resultados: La encuesta más utilizada para medir la presencia de burnout en médicos fue la Maslash Inventario de Burnout (MBI). La prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout osciló entre 21,55% y 40,1% considerando esta encuesta. Las altas tasas de agotamiento de los médicos durante la pandemia se atribuyeron a factores como: discapacidad y equipo de protección personal, sexo femenino, experiencia profesional más corta, exposición constante a enfermedades y sufrimiento, carga de trabajo excesiva, turnos largos y nocturnos, falta de apoyo organizacional. Consideraciones finales: La implementación de medidas preventivas e intervenciones efectivas son esenciales para reducir el riesgo de burnout y promover la salud y el bienestar de estos profesionales. Futuros estudios sobre burnout, además de su definición, herramientas de evaluación y estudios comparativos que evalúen intervenciones en diferentes contextos organizacionales, ayudarán en el desarrollo de programas de intervención eficientes que permitan prevenir y mitigar la aparición de burnout en los médicos.
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