Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar la aplicación de la tecnología blockchain en la gestión de registros electrónicos de salud. Métodos: Realizamos una revisión integrativa siguiendo las pautas del Centre for Reviews Dissemination (CRD). La pregunta central fue: "¿Cuáles son las aplicaciones de la tecnología blockchain en la gestión de registros electrónicos de salud?" Realizamos búsquedas en bases de datos (MEDLINE, Web of Science y Scopus) desde 2018 hasta 2022, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con blockchain y registros de salud electrónicos. Seleccionamos 21 publicaciones que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: La tecnología blockchain se ha explorado en diversas aplicaciones en el campo de la salud, incluida la seguridad y privacidad de los datos, la interoperabilidad, el empoderamiento del paciente y la eficiencia operativa. Países como China, Estados Unidos e India lideran la investigación en esta área. Los estudios enfatizaron la importancia de la blockchain en garantizar la integridad de los datos de salud y en empoderar a los pacientes para compartir selectivamente su información. Sin embargo, todavía se deben superar desafíos como regulaciones y costos. Consideraciones finales: La tecnología blockchain muestra un potencial prometedor para mejorar la gestión de registros electrónicos de salud, ofreciendo seguridad y empoderamiento a los pacientes. Sin embargo, su adopción enfrenta desafíos significativos que requieren la cooperación entre las partes interesadas y la investigación continua.
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