Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar y sintetizar la producción científica relacionada con el uso del cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica integradora, realizada en las bases de datos National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science y Scopus (Elsevier). Se utilizaron los descriptores controlados Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) y Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), tales como: Pacientes, Gastroenteritis, Inflamación, Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales, Signos y Síntomas, Tracto Gastrointestinal, Cannabinoides, Cannabis y Marihuana Medicinal, combinando los términos con el uso de los operadores booleanos “OR” y “AND”. Resultados: Se identificaron 2.272 estudios según los criterios de búsqueda, de los cuales cinco constituyeron la muestra final, que mostraron el uso de cannabis medicinal en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, con resultados que indicaban una mejora en los signos y síntomas relacionados con los procesos inflamatorios intestinales, una reducción de la permeabilidad intestinal, un aumento de peso y una reducción de la tensión en adultos. Sin embargo, uno de los estudios mostró que no hubo una mejora significativa en los marcadores inflamatorios relacionados con la enfermedad. Consideraciones finales: Aunque los estudios describen mejoras significativas en los signos y síntomas, las diferentes concentraciones de principios activos y el modo de consumo son un factor que dificulta las comparaciones entre estudios.
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