Palabras clave
Obesidad Infantil
Salud Bucal
Enfermedad Periodontal
Adolescentes
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar en la literatura los cambios bucales presentes en niños y adolescentes obesos. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora, utilizando artículos publicados en las bases de datos Pubmed, Lilas y Scielo entre los años 2018 a 2023. Artículos presentados íntegramente, disponibles en inglés, portugués y español en las bases de datos seleccionadas, con estudios realizados en humanos y cuya muestra incluyó el grupo de edad de 10 a 19 años. Los criterios de exclusión fueron estudios realizados en animales y en laboratorio, que no presenten obesidad, caries y/o enfermedad periodontal y/o desarrollo dental y/o que utilicen métodos distintos a los mencionados en los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Destaca la asociación entre obesidad y desarrollo dental temprano relacionándola con niveles elevados de IGF-1, los niños obesos presentaron presencia de lesiones cariosas y enfermedad periodontal. Consideraciones finales: La caries sigue siendo la enfermedad bucal más prevalente en niños y adolescentes, así como un aumento en los casos de niños obesos, lo que puede comprometer no solo la salud bucal sino traer otras comorbilidades a esta población. Entonces medidas se deben fomentar medidas preventivas que involucren ambas afecciones para que niños y adolescentes puedan tener una mejor calidad de vida.
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