Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar los efectos del trabajo precario y la desigualdad social en el acceso al tiempo libre y la práctica de actividades físicas sobre la calidad de vida de los trabajadores. Revisión bibliográfica: El trabajo precario es un conjunto de condiciones y prácticas que tienen un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida y están influenciadas por la desigualdad social en el mercado laboral. Esto dificulta el acceso equitativo al empleo y a una educación adecuada y de calidad, además de limitar el acceso al tiempo libre, lo que conduce a condiciones nocivas para la salud como fatiga, síndrome de burnout, dolor crónico y depresión. Por lo tanto, la satisfacción del trabajador demuestra la necesidad, por ejemplo, de la implementación de un sentido de comunidad, apoyo de los superiores a sus necesidades, pausas activas durante el trabajo y otros que son fundamentales para la mejor promoción de la salud física y mental. Consideraciones finales: Es fundamental establecer políticas públicas y prácticas empresariales para promover condiciones laborales saludables y la práctica de actividad física para mejorar la calidad de vida.
Referencias
ANDERSEN LL, et al. Job satisfaction is more than a fruit basket, health checks and free exercise: Cross-sectional study among 10,000 wage earners. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 2017; 45(5): 476-484.
BOGAERT I, et al. Associations between different types of physical activity and teachers’ perceived mental, physical, and work-related health. BMC Public Health, 2014; 14(534): 1-9.
CHEN J, et al. The effects of team reflexivity on psychological well-being in manufacturing teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2018; 103(4): 443-462.
CLARK CM, et al. Development and testing of the healthy work environment inventory: a reliable tool for assessing work environment health and satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Education, 2016; 55(10): 555-562.
DAS BM, et al. The Invisible Employee: University Housekeeping Employees’ Perceptions of Physical Activity. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2016; 13(9): 952-956.
DE-PEDRO-JIMÉNEZ D, et al. Occupational and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Related to Job Stress and Job Satisfaction: Correspondence Analysis on a Population-Based Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021; 18(11220): 1-12.
ENGELEN L, et al. Impact and process evaluation of a co-designed ‘move more, sit less’ intervention in a public sector workplace. Work, 2019; 64(3): 587-599.
ISOARD-GAUTHEUR S, et al. The Stress–Burnout Relationship: Examining the Moderating Effect of Physical Activity and Intrinsic Motivation for Off-Job Physical Activity. Workplace Health Safety, 2019; 67(7): 350-360.
MATILLA-SANTANDER N, et al. Measuring precarious employment in Europe 8 years into the global crisis. Journal Public Health, 2018; 41(2): 259-267.
MAZEROLLE SM, et al. Organizational Infrastructure in the Collegiate Athletic Training Setting, Part I: Quality-of-Life Comparisons and Commonalities Among the Models. Journal Athletic Training, 2017; 52(1): 12-22.
MAZEROLLE SM, et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association Position Statement: Facilitating Work-Life Balance in Athletic Training Practice Settings. Journal Athletic Training, 2018; 53(8): 796-811.
MICHISHITA R, et al. The practice of active rest by workplace units improves personal relationships, mental health, and physical activity among workers. Journal Occupational Health, 2017; 59: 122-130.
PELDERS J, NELSON G. Contributors to Fatigue of Mine Workers in the South African Gold and Platinum Sector. Safety and Health at Work, 2019; 10(2019): 188-195.
SEROLE C, et al. The Forgotten Health-Care Occupations at Risk of Burnout—A Burnout, Job Demand-Control-Support, and Effort-Reward Imbalance Survey. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2021; 63(7): 416-425.
SCOTTO DI LUZIO S, et al. Exploring the relationship between sense of community and vigor in workplace community: The role of needs satisfaction and physical activity. Journal Community Psychology, 2019; 47(6): 1419-1432.
SLITER M, YUAN Z. Workout at work: Laboratory test of psychological and performance outcomes of active workstations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 2015; 20(2): 259-271.
WINONA PIT S, HANSEN V. The relationship between lifestyle, occupational health, and work-related factors with presenteeism amongst general practitioners. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2016; 71(1): 49-56.
WOLLSEIFFEN P, et al. Short Bouts of Intensive Exercise During the Workday Have a Positive Effect on Neuro-cognitive Performance: Neuroexercise. Stress and Health, 2016; 32(5): 514-523.
YAMADA K, et al. Influence of work-related psychosocial factors on the prevalence of chronic pain and quality of life in patients with chronic pain. BMJ Open, 2016; 6(4): e010356.
YOSHIKAWA E, et al. Association between regular physical exercise and depressive symptoms mediated through social support and resilience in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 2016; 16(553): 1-8.
