Palabras clave
Efectos adversos
Quimioterapia
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar las herramientas de detección utilizadas en la literatura para detectar reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) en pacientes de cuidados intensivos y la evidencia que respalda el uso rutinario de estas pruebas. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, basada en estudios primarios relacionados con el tema, publicados en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs y EMBASE, y en revistas más comunes que publican sobre seguridad del paciente. Resultados: El trabajo incluyó 4 estudios primarios, los resultados muestran a los rastreadores como un método eficaz para identificar RAM en pacientes críticos y sugieren que un modelo ideal es aquel que incluye alertas más eficientes para identificar un mayor número de posibles daños al paciente, compuesto por prescripción o suspensión abrupta de ciertos medicamentos, cambios en pruebas de laboratorio y eventos específicos durante el período de hospitalización, los cuales deberán estar sujetos a modificaciones para adaptarse a la práctica o cultura de las instituciones. Consideraciones finales: La escasez de estudios apunta a la necesidad de realizar más investigaciones en esta área para que se pueda comprender y reproducir mejor el uso de estas herramientas.
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