Palabras clave
Trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular
Osteoartritis
Rango del movimiento articular
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar individuos con cambios degenerativos en la ATM previamente visualizados mediante imágenes de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT), relacionando dichos cambios con diagnósticos clínicos y signos de TMD articular. Métodos: Se evaluaron 38 pacientes que habían sido sometidos previamente al examen CBCT en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Federal de Juiz de Fora. Los individuos se agruparon según el diagnóstico clínico utilizando el RDC/TMD. Se consideró la presencia de limitación oral durante la máxima apertura activa, lateralidad y protrusión. También se evaluó la presencia de crepitación gruesa. Resultados: Entre los diagnósticos exclusivamente clínicos, sólo el 10,5% fueron concluyentes, clasificando a los pacientes como con artrosis. No hubo diferencia estadística entre la presencia de apertura bucal limitada (p=0,63) y movimientos excursivos de lateralidad (p=0,55) y protrusión (p=0,58) y este diagnóstico. La presencia de esclerosis en la región del tubérculo articular fue significativa (p=0,08) en individuos con apertura bucal limitada. Conclusión: La presencia de esclerosis en la región de la eminencia articular fue significativa en individuos con apertura bucal limitada. La crepitación grave se produjo sólo en el grupo con cambios degenerativos (10,5%) y todos los pacientes tuvieron cambios en el examen de imágenes. El 89,5% de los cambios degenerativos estaban clínicamente infradiagnosticados.
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