Palabras clave
Salud Auditiva
Atención Primaria
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el papel de los agentes comunitarios en el manejo de la salud auditiva en Atención Primaria. Métodos: En diciembre de 2023 se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura a través de artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años, disponibles en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. La estrategia de búsqueda arrojó 126 artículos, de los cuales se incluyeron 11. Las variables de categoría evaluadas fueron: casuística, tiempo de entrenamiento, evaluadores, condiciones ambientales, retroalimentación y metodología de entrenamiento. Resultados: 9 estudios priorizaron a niños en edad escolar y solo 2 incluyeron niños menores de 2 años; Diez estudios se centraron en el cribado y el diagnóstico de la audición, y solo 1 se ocupó de la promoción de la salud. La mayoría de los estudios se desarrollaron con pruebas de detección auditiva a través de teléfonos inteligentes con capacitación práctica de agentes de salud comunitarios (ASC). Sin embargo, todos los estudios dejan claro que el trabajo de los ASC fue realizado con éxito por los programas de capacitación, con buenos resultados e incluso aumentando la adherencia al seguimiento de los niños con hipoacusia, debido a su cercanía con la comunidad. Conclusión: Los agentes comunitarios pueden ser un eslabón fundamental en la descentralización de la gestión de la salud auditiva infantil en la Atención Primaria de Salud.
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