Palabras clave
El embarazo
Salud bucal
Periodontitis
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Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los aspectos clínicos del periodonto femenino y verificar su asociación con el embarazo. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional transversal con 40 participantes, 20 mujeres en el puerperio inmediato y 20 mujeres que nunca han estado embarazadas. Los participantes se sometieron a un cuestionario socioeconómico y un examen clínico periodontal en boca para obtener los parámetros de profundidad de sondaje (PS) y nivel de inserción clínica (NIC). Las variables categóricas se analizaron mediante la prueba Exacta de Fisher y para las variables numéricas se utilizó la prueba de Mann Whitney. El nivel de significancia adoptado fue del 5%. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: Las puérperas eran predominantemente negras/pardas (75%) y el 90% tenía educación primaria/secundaria. Hubo diferencias significativas en color de piel (p= 0,0248), nivel de educación (p = 0,0001), ingreso familiar mensual (p = 0,0036), estado civil (p < 0,0001) y número de sitios con NIC de 3 mm (p=0,0072). Conclusión: Las puérperas tuvieron menor nivel socioeconómico, menor escolaridad y peores índices clínicos periodontales, con mayores pérdidas de inserción clínica.
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