Palabras clave
Delirio
Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la efectividad del uso de suvorexant en la prevención del delirio en pacientes críticos. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada mediante la búsqueda de artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años en las principales bases de datos electrónicas, PUBMED, SCIELO y Web of Science. Resultados: La búsqueda dio como resultado seis estudios que convergieron en la efectividad del uso de suvorexant en la prevención del delirio en pacientes gravemente enfermos. No se encontraron efectos adversos. Se observó una variación de 15 a 20 mg en la dosis administrada de suvorexant para la prevención del delirio. Los principales factores de riesgo para el delirio relacionados con los pacientes en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) fueron: edad avanzada, mayor puntaje de fragilidad, menor índice de masa corporal, mayor demencia, mayor puntaje APACHE II, mayor uso de ventiladores y trastornos del sueño. También se encontró asociación entre el uso de suvorexant y el uso de ventilación mecánica, la mortalidad y la coadministración de fármacos como la trazodona. Consideraciones finales: Suvorexant puede ser bastante eficaz para el tratamiento del delirio en pacientes gravemente enfermos, especialmente si se consideran los efectos adversos leves o ausentes en comparación con los que presentan los antipsicóticos ampliamente utilizados para controlar el delirio.
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