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Resumen
Objetivo: El presente estudio buscó resumir las principales evidencias que destacan a XIST como modulador de la resistencia a la quimioterapia en diferentes tipos tumorales. Métodos: Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, seleccionando estudios que correlacionan XIST con la resistencia a fármacos antineoplásicos. Se utilizaron herramientas bioinformáticas, incluyendo NcPathName para identificar genes diana y la plataforma CIViC para asociar estos genes con la quimiorresistencia; se investigó el papel de XIST en diferentes tipos de cáncer. Resultados: XIST regula genes asociados con la resistencia quimioterápica, como PTEN, CDKN1A, CFLAR, MDM2 y ZEB1, involucrados en vías esenciales de quimiorresistencia. La interacción entre XIST y estos genes sugiere mecanismos moleculares específicos detrás de la resistencia a agentes como el 5-fluorouracilo en el cáncer colorrectal. La literatura sugiere que el knockdown de XIST puede ser una estrategia prometedora para superar la resistencia a la quimioterapia. Consideraciones finales: Este estudio evidencia la importancia de explorar lncRNAs como XIST para comprender mejor los mecanismos de resistencia a la quimioterapia y desarrollar enfoques terapéuticos más eficaces.
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