Palabras clave
VIH
Parto prematuro
Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Comparar la prevalencia cervicovaginal de las especies de Mollicutes: Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis, Ureaplasma parvum y U. urealyticum en mujeres embarazadas según el estado de infección por VIH. Métodos: Este fue un estudio longitudinal prospectivo que incluyó a 29 mujeres embarazadas VIH-positivas y 34 VIH-negativas. Todas las participantes completaron un cuestionario para obtener datos sociodemográficos y de comportamiento. Se recolectaron muestras cervicovaginales y se realizaron pruebas moleculares para las cuatro especies de Mollicutes. Las tasas de prevalencia se compararon entre los grupos de estudio utilizando la prueba exacta de Fisher o la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: La prevalencia de Mollicutes fue superior en las participantes VIH-positivas (51,7%; n=15), en comparación con el grupo VIH-negativo (12,0%; n=4), (p<0,001). La especie detectada con mayor frecuencia fue U. parvum, presente en 12 (41,4%) muestras de mujeres embarazadas VIH-positivas y en 2 (6,0%) participantes VIH-negativas (p<0,01). El análisis longitudinal mostró que las mujeres embarazadas con VIH tuvieron un mayor número de momentos positivos para Mollicutes en comparación con las mujeres VIH-negativas (p = 0.01). Conclusión: Las tasas de prevalencia de Mollicutes reportadas en este estudio pueden guiar nuevas estrategias diagnósticas para estos microorganismos, si se indica clínicamente.
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