Palabras clave
Trastorno de adicción a internet
Psiquiatría
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Resumen
Objetivo: Esclarecer el trastorno de adicción a internet con el fin de difundir y contribuir a la construcción de conocimiento sobre el tema en el mundo científico, dilucidando sus diversidades. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora en PubMed utilizando el descriptor: “Adicción a Internet”, de mayo de 2022 a mayo de 2024, en portugués e inglés, seguido de filtros para afinar la búsqueda. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 15 artículos que alertan sobre la ubicuidad de Internet en la vida cotidiana, trayendo consigo el desafío de comprender el umbral entre el uso normal y el uso patológico. La DI en sus diferentes nomenclaturas se puede subdividir en: redes sociales, juegos, pornografía, compras, trabajo, considerándose las “nuevas adicciones” que han ido creciendo de manera concomitante con el acceso de la población a internet en los hogares y agravadas por el COVID-19. La terapia cognitivo-conductual ha demostrado ser una importante opción de tratamiento y prevención para la DI; sin embargo, una familia afectiva estructurada puede ser un fuerte aliado para el tratamiento. Consideraciones finales: Comprender este fenómeno y capacitar a los profesionales de la salud se convierte en base esencial para la orientación y educación en la prevención y tratamiento de la DI.
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