Palabras clave
Rechazo a Vacunas
Vacilación en la Vacunación
Niño
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar los motivos por los que los padres de los niños se niegan a vacunarse. Métodos: Revisión Integrativa de artículos científicos indexados en bases de datos de salud, que abarcan el período 2020 a 2024, con base en la estrategia PIO (P: población; I: intervención; O: resultado) que delimitó la investigación: “¿Cuáles son las razones que llevan a los padres a negarse a vacunar a sus hijos?” Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores y sus equivalentes en inglés y español: niño, niños, rechazo a la vacunación, rechazo de la vacuna, motivo, razones, factores, conducta, comportamientos y conducta. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y realizar un cuidadoso análisis, fueron seleccionados 24 artículos de un total de 243, encontrados en las bases de datos BVS (147), PubMed, BVS e SciELO (94), SCIELO (2). Estos artículos fueron analizados en la plataforma Rayyan. Resultados: En los artículos revisados, los motivos principales para rechazar la vacuna infantil fueron la desconfianza en su eficacia y la preocupación por efectos secundarios. Estas razones se repitieron en todos los estudios. Consideraciones finales: La vacilación hacia las vacunas depende de varios factores. Analizar la aceptación y rechazo de las vacunas es clave para entender estos factores y mejorar las estrategias de salud pública.
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