Palabras clave
Infecciones Postrasplante
Uso Racional
Resistencia Bacteriana
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el perfil de uso de antibióticos en el Centro de Trasplante de Médula Ósea del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer (CEMO/INCA). Métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, que evaluó el uso de antibióticos en pacientes ingresados en el CEMO/INCA, en el municipio de Río de Janeiro-RJ, del 1 de enero de 2020 al 31 de diciembre de 2021. Fueron incluidos en el estudio 101 pacientes con edad ≥ 18 años. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, perfil clínico, consumo de antibióticos, régimen de terapia antibiótica y resultados microbiológicos. El consumo de antibióticos se expresó como dosis diaria definida (DDD) por 100 días cama. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva y cualitativa. Los resultados se presentaron en forma de tablas de frecuencias y gráficos mediante el programa Microsoft Excel 2013. Resultados: 14 fármacos mostraron un consumo considerable, como cefepima (1434,3 DDD/100 cama/día) y meropenem (1350,7 DDD/100 cama/día). El inicio del antibiótico fue de amplio espectro y se pudo observar la práctica de la desescalada. Conclusión: El perfil de prescripción antibiótica se encuentra dentro de las pautas recomendadas, contribuyendo al uso racional de los medicamentos y a la seguridad del paciente, así como al correcto manejo de las infecciones.
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