Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la aplicabilidad de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en anestesiología, destacando sus beneficios y desafíos en la práctica médica. Métodos: Revisión integrativa realizada en la base de datos PubMed Central (PMC), utilizando los términos "inteligencia artificial" y "anestesiología" para el período de 2019 a 2024. Se identificaron 1.150 artículos, de los cuales 15 fueron seleccionados para un análisis detallado. Resultados: La IA demostró varias aplicaciones importantes en anestesiología, como la mejora de las técnicas sedativas, el perfeccionamiento de la evaluación de la vía aérea difícil antes de la intubación y la predicción de complicaciones en procedimientos invasivos. Además, la IA tiene el potencial de facilitar el acceso a la información médica, promoviendo una mejor comprensión del paciente sobre su salud. Conclusiones: Aunque la IA ofrece numerosas ventajas en anestesiología, se necesitan más estudios para explorar sus implicaciones éticas y desafíos tecnológicos. La falta de educación adecuada sobre IA puede dificultar su adopción en la práctica anestesiológica. Sin embargo, la IA tiene el potencial de ser una herramienta complementaria valiosa, ayudando al anestesiólogo y optimizando el éxito terapéutico, sin reemplazar el papel humano en la toma de decisiones.
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