Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la enfermedad periodontal y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII). Revisión bibliográfica: Las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (EII) abarcan varias condiciones clínicas, en las que se presenta la inflamación crónica, en diferentes partes del tracto digestivo. La colitis ulcerosa (CU) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) son las formas más típicas de estas afecciones. Debido a su conexión con diversas manifestaciones que ocurren fuera del sistema digestivo, la EII puede afectar varios órganos y sistemas del cuerpo, incluida la cavidad bucal. Se ha confirmado una asociación entre la periodontitis y la inflamación intestinal, pero sigue siendo controvertido si la EII conduce a la periodontitis o si la periodontitis es un factor que contribuye a la EII. Además, identificar el perfil de predisposición puede allanar el camino para el uso de medicamentos que restablezcan el equilibrio del sistema inmunológico, ayudando a controlar estas afecciones. Consideraciones finales: Puede ser considerado que los patógenos periodontales y las citocinas proinflamatorias contribuyeron a la exacerbación del proceso inflamatorio de las enfermedades intestinales crónicas. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios clínicos controlados aleatorios para confirmar esta relación causal.
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