Palabras clave
Cannabis
Cannabidiol
Trastornos motores
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Resumen
Objetivo: Comprender la efectividad del uso de cannabis medicinal en el tratamiento de los síntomas motores y no motores característicos de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Revisión bibliográfica: El tratamiento con cannabis, específicamente el cannabidiol (CBD), se ha estudiado para diversas enfermedades neurodegenerativas, incluida la EP. Si bien el CBD muestra potencial para aliviar síntomas como la distonía y las discinesias, su eficacia en los síntomas motores de la EP aún carece de evidencia sólida. Los receptores cannabinoides CB1 y CB2 están presentes en áreas cruciales para la coordinación motora, y el CBD puede influir en la neurotransmisión dopaminérgica, pero los resultados sobre su efecto en los síntomas motores de la EP son inconsistentes. Además, aunque el CBD puede mejorar los síntomas no motores como la ansiedad y los trastornos del sueño, los efectos adversos, incluida la sedación y las alucinaciones, son preocupantes. Consideraciones finales: El uso de derivados del cannabis no ha demostrado grandes ventajas en la enfermedad de Parkinson. El cannabidiol se ha demostrado insuficiente en el tratamiento de los síntomas motores y sus efectos adversos inciertos hacen que su uso sea arriesgado.
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