Palabras clave
Leucemia mieloide crónica
Resistencia terapéutica
Inhibidores de la tirosina quinasa
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar el papel de los exosomas en la Leucemia Mieloide Crónica (LMC), destacando su origen, impacto en la progresión de la enfermedad, resistencia a fármacos y potencial terapéutico.
Métodos: Revisión integrativa con artículos publicados entre 2013 y 2025, en portugués, inglés y español, con texto completo disponible. La pregunta orientadora fue: "¿Cómo han influido los exosomas en la progresión de la Leucemia Mieloide Crónica y en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad?" La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science y SciELO, utilizando los descriptores Exosomes, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia OR CML y Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance (TKIs), combinados con "AND". Resultados: Los estudios indican que los exosomas modulan el microambiente tumoral en la LMC, promoviendo la proliferación celular, la resistencia terapéutica y la remodelación del nicho hematopoyético. Además, interfieren en la respuesta inmune al modular la activación de las células T y favorecer la expansión de macrófagos M2, contribuyendo a la evasión tumoral. Las estrategias terapéuticas emergentes sugieren la inhibición de la biogénesis exosomal o la manipulación de su contenido como enfoques prometedores para controlar la progresión de la enfermedad. Consideraciones finales: Los exosomas desempeñan un papel central en la progresión de la LMC y la resistencia terapéutica, lo que los convierte en objetivos prometedores para nuevas terapias. Se requieren más estudios para caracterizar su contenido molecular y evaluar intervenciones terapéuticas basadas en su modulación.
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