Palabras clave
Sistema nervioso autónomo
Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca
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Resumen
Objetivo: Proporcionar una visión general, completa y actualizada de la función del sistema nervioso autónomo en la enfermedad de Chagas y validar la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) como herramienta de evaluación del sistema nervioso autónomo en la enfermedad de Chagas. Métodos: esta revisión se basó en una búsqueda en las bases de datos de la Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) y PUBMED entre mayo y diciembre de 2023, utilizando los términos «enfermedad de Chagas» y «frecuencia cardíaca variable» entre 2011 y 2023. Resultados: se ha analizado ampliamente el Sistema Nervioso Autónomo (SNA) en relación con la enfermedad de Chagas. Estos hallazgos caracterizan una cardiopatía parasimpática deprimida con predominio simpático. La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca (VFC) investiga las oscilaciones en los intervalos entre latidos consecutivos (intervalos RR) que se relacionan con certeza con la influencia del sistema nervioso autónomo en el nódulo sinusal durante un cierto período de tiempo. Consideraciones finales: La disfunción del sistema nervioso autónomo es uno de los principales mecanismos de lesión en la enfermedad de Chagas y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca es una de las formas de detectar esta condición. Sin embargo, el uso de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca debería incorporarse a la práctica clínica para la evaluación de los pacientes diagnosticados de enfermedad de Chagas.
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