Resumen
Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones hematológicas en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) hospitalizados en un centro de referencia, analizando el perfil clínico-epidemiológico, hallazgos de laboratorio y desenlaces. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de historias clínicas de enero de 2022 a agosto de 2023. Resultados: De 70 pacientes, el 88,6% eran mujeres, conun rango de edad predominante de 25 a 34 años (44,3%). Los medicamentos más utilizados fueron prednisona (98,6%) e hidroxicloroquina (97,1%). La anemia fue la alteración hematológica más prevalente (91,4%), seguida de linfopenia (57,1%), trombocitopenia (21,4%) y neutropenia (7,1%). Los anticuerpos antinucleares estuvieron presentes en el 94,3% de los pacientes, seguidos de anti-Ro/SS-A (40%) y anti-Sm (34,3%). Los auto anticuerpos anti fosfolípidos estuvieron ausentes en el 72,9% de los casos. No se identificó anemia hemolítica autoinmune. La hospitalización prolongada (>15 días) ocurrió en el 71,4% de los pacientes. Conclusión: El estudio refuerza la necesidad de un monitoreo cercano e individualizado de estos pacientes, destacando la importancia de la identificación precoz y el manejo adecuado de las manifestaciones hematológicas a lo largo de la enfermedad.
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