Palabras clave
Genotipagem
Câncer do colo do Útero
Rastreamento
Saúde da mulher
Cómo citar
Copyright © | Todos los derechos reservados.
La revista posee los derechos de autor exclusivos para la publicación de este artículo en los términos de la ley brasileña 9610/98.
Reproducción parcial
El uso de partes de los textos, figuras y cuestionario del artículo es libre, siendo obligatoria la citación de los autores y revista.
Reproducción total
Está expresamente prohibido y debe ser autorizado por la revista.
Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la relevancia de la genotipificación del Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) en la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino mediante una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada entre septiembre y octubre de 2024. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y Google Académico. Se incluyeron artículos originales, publicados entre 2020 y 2024, en portugués, inglés o español, que abordaran la genotipificación del VPH en mujeres. Se seleccionaron doce estudios tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante categorización temática. Resultados: La genotipificación del VPH demostró ser una herramienta prometedora para la estratificación del riesgo, permitiendo decisiones clínicas más eficaces y dirigidas. Las pruebas moleculares mostraron mayor sensibilidad en la detección de lesiones precursoras y contribuyeron a reducir la morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas al cáncer cervical. La auto-toma de muestras y las pruebas rápidas se destacaron como estrategias viables, especialmente en contextos con difícil acceso. Consideraciones finales: La genotipificación del VPH mejora los programas de cribado al permitir decisiones clínicas personalizadas. A pesar de los avances, su implementación a gran escala enfrenta desafíos estructurales, particularmente en países en desarrollo.
Referencias
ARBYN M, et al. Accuracy of human papillomavirus testing on self-collected versus clinician-collected samples: a meta-analysis. The Lancet Oncology, 2014; 15(2): 172–183.
ARBYN M, et al. Detecting cervical precancer and reaching underscreened women by using HPV testing on self samples: updated meta-analyses. BMJ, 2018; k4823.
ARBYN M, et al. Tackling cervical cancer in Europe amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Public Health, 2020; 5(8): e425.
BONDE JH, et al. Clinical utility of human papillomavirus genotyping in cervical cancer screening: a systematic review. Journal of lower genital tract disease, 2020; 24(1): 1–13.
CARVALHO CF, et al. Cervical cancer screening with HPV testing: updates on the recommendation. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 2022; 44(3): 264–271.
CASTLE PE. The potential utility of HPV genotyping in screening and clinical management. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2008; 6(1): 83–95.
CHOI YJ e PARK JS. Clinical significance of human papillomavirus genotyping. Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 2016; 27(2).
CIAVATTINI A, et al. European Federation for Colposcopy (EFC) and European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) joint considerations about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening programs, colposcopy, and surgery during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer, 2020; 30(8): 1097–1100.
COHEN PA, et al. Cervical cancer. The Lancet, 2019; 393(10167): 169–182.
DE VILLIERS E-M, et al. Classification of papillomaviruses. Virology, 2004; 324(1): 17–27.
DILLNER J, et al. Long term predictive values of cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening: joint European cohort study. BMJ, 2008; 337(1): a1754–a1754.
GAO J, et al. A One-Pot CRISPR/Cas9-Typing PCR for DNA Detection and Genotyping. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, 2021; 23(1): 46–60.
GHEBRE RG, et al. Cervical cancer control in HIV-infected women: past, present and future. Gynecologic oncology reports, 2017; 21: 101–108.
GRAVITT PE, et al. Looking ahead: A case for human papillomavirus testing of self‐sampled vaginal specimens as a cervical cancer screening strategy. International Journal of Cancer, 2011; 129(3): 517–527.
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER (INCA). Plano Nacional de Eliminação do Câncer do Colo do Útero. Ministério da Saúde , 29 nov. 2024.
MA C, et al. Portable, and ultrasensitive HR-HPV tests based on nucleic acid biosensors. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2024; 14.
MATTIUZZI C e LIPPI G. Cancer statistics: a comparison between world health organization (WHO) and global burden of disease (GBD). European journal of public health, 2020; 30(5): 1026–1027.
MH M. Human papillomavirus DNA versus Papanicolaou screening tests for cervical cancer. N Engl J Med, 2007; 357: 1579–1588.
NAKAMURA Y, et al. HPV genotyping for triage of women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results: a multicenter prospective study. International Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015; 20(5): 974–981.
ORGANIZATION WHO guideline for screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions for cervical cancer prevention: use of dual-stain cytology to triage women after a positive test for human papillomavirus (HPV). [s.l.] World Health Organization, 2024.
RAMACHANDRAN A, et al. Electric field-driven microfluidics for rapid CRISPR-based diagnostics and its application to detection of SARS-CoV-2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2020; 117(47): 29518–29525.
REFFERT R DE C. A. Avaliação do impacto da implementação do método de revisão aleatória de 10% das amostras negativas na garantia da qualidade dos exames citopatológicos realizados no laboratório municipal em Manaus-AM. 2024.
RONCO G, et al. Efficacy of HPV-based screening for prevention of invasive cervical cancer: follow-up of four European randomised controlled trials. The Lancet, 2014; 383(9916): 524–532.
SCHIFFMAN M, et al. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. The Lancet, 2007; 370(9590): 890–907.
SHAH UJ, et al. Emerging biomarkers and clinical significance of HPV genotyping in prevention and management of cervical cancer. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2020; 143: 104131.
SNIJDERS PJF, et al. High‐risk HPV testing on self‐sampled versus clinician‐collected specimens: a review on the clinical accuracy and impact on population attendance in cervical cancer screening. International journal of cancer, 2013; 132(10): 2223–2236.
SOARES CB, et al. Integrative review: concepts and methods used in nursing. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 2014; 48: 335–345.
SONG F, et al. Roles of extended human papillomavirus genotyping and multiple infections in early detection of cervical precancer and cancer and HPV vaccination. BMC cancer, 2022; 22(1): 42.
SOUZA MT, et al. Revisão integrativa: o que é e como fazer. Einstein (São Paulo), 2010; 8: 102–106.
WANG Z, et al. Risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in Chinese women: large study in Jiexiu, Shanxi Province, China. Journal of Cancer, 2017; 8(6): 924.
WENTZENSEN N, et al. Triage of HPV positive women in cervical cancer screening. Journal of Clinical Virology, 2016; 76: S49–S55.
WRIGHT JR TC, et al. Evaluation of HPV-16 and HPV-18 genotyping for the triage of women with high-risk HPV+ cytology-negative results. American journal of clinical pathology, 2011; 136(4): 578–586.
YUAN Y, et al. HPV post-infection microenvironment and cervical cancer. Cancer Letters, 2021; 497: 243–254.
ZHANG S, et al. Cervical cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and screening. Chinese Journal of Cancer Research, 2020; 32(6): 720–728.