Resumen
Objetivo: Destacar los temas prevalentes enla literatura sobre trasplante cardíaco. Métodos: Revisión integradora en seis etapas mediante la búsqueda en dos bases de datos. La muestra incluyó 21 estudios. Se utilizo la aplicación Rayyan – Intelligent Systematic Review® siguiendo las directrices del diagrama Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyse (PRISMA). Se adoptó la lista de verificación ST reng the ning the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) como guía metodológica. El nivel de evidencia se clasificó según el sistema Oxford Centre Evidence-Based Medicine. La interpretación de los resultados se realizó de forma cualitativa y descriptiva. Resultados: Los estudios se agruparon em cuatro temas principales: estrategias de preservación de linjerto cardíaco (28,6%); factores previos al trasplante cardíaco relacionados con la supervivencia (23,8%); perfil de los pacientes sometidos a trasplante cardíaco (19%) y factores que influyen en la supervivencia del adulto tras el trasplante cardíaco (28,6%). Consideraciones finales: El trasplante cardíaco es una intervención compleja que requiere una cuidadosa selección de los candidatos y una compleja preparación perioperatoria centrada en el cumplimiento terapéutico. Los avances terapêuticos son esenciales para controlar los factores que influyen en la supervivencia.
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