Palabras clave
Desbridamiento Periodontal
Fotobiomodulación
Terapia con láser de Baja Intensidad
Terapia Fotodinámica
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la terapia fotodinámica antimicrobiana como complemento del tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico en pacientes con periodontitis. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura donde se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane y BVS, utilizando los descriptores: "periodontitis, tratamiento periodontal, fotobiomodulación, láser de baja nivel, terapia fotodinámica antimicrobiana" con el operador booleano AND. Criterios de inclusión: publicaciones entre 2014 y 2024 con descriptores en el resumen y título; obras en inglés, portugués, español; estudios humanos; ensayos controlados aleatorizados, estudios de cohortes e informes de casos clínicos. Resultados: Se recuperaron 200 estudios. Después de eliminar duplicados, se analizaron los títulos, los resúmenes y el idioma de los estúdios y se excluyeron 40. Dieciocho estudios fueron elegibles, leídos en su totalidad e incluidos. Consideraciones finales: La terapia fotodinámica antimicrobiana es eficaz cuando se combina con el desbridamiento mecánico, produciendo mejoría de los parámetros clínicos, reducción microbiológica de bacterias periodontopatógenas, además de actuar sobre la modulación inflamatoria, la cicatrización y la reparación de tejidos. Sin embargo, se necesitan más ensayos controlados aleatorios con un tiempo de seguimiento más prolongado para consolidar su eficiencia y viabilidad en la práctica odontológica.
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