Palabras clave
Entrenamiento simulado
Educación en salud
Hospitales
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar cómo la enseñanza de la fisioterapia hospitalaria ha utilizado la simulación realista como método de aprendizaje. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa realizada en las bases de datos BVS, PubMed y Connected Papers. Se incluyeron estudios sin restricciones de fecha o idioma, centrados en la aplicación de la simulación realista en la enseñanza de la fisioterapia hospitalaria. Se excluyeron estudios de otras áreas, que utilizaban realidad virtual o que no abordaban el tema. Se analizaron ocho publicaciones tras cumplir los criterios de elegibilidad. Resultados: Los estudios incluidos se organizaron en dos grupos principales: 1) Percepción de los estudiantes sobre la simulación, evidenciando un aumento de la confianza, el compromiso y la empatía; 2) Prácticas simuladas o situaciones simuladas en fisioterapia hospitalaria, que proporcionan la adquisición de habilidades clínicas e interprofesionales. La simulación con pacientes estandarizados demostró ser más efectiva en el aprendizaje que otras formas (maniquíes o virtuales). La simulación interprofesional reforzó la comunicación y la colaboración entre las áreas de salud. Consideraciones finales: La simulación realista es eficaz en la formación en fisioterapia hospitalaria, ya que promueve la seguridad, la confianza y el desarrollo de habilidades clínicas e interpersonales.
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