Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la fragilidad, el equilibrio y la calidad de vida en dos subpoblaciones de adultos mayores institucionalizados y no institucionalizados. Métodos: Para ello se utilizaron las pruebas Mini Mental State Examination para la evaluación cognitiva, la orientación, la memoria y la atención; test de Tinetti para evaluar el equilibrio y la movilidad; Índice de Katz para evaluar las actividades de la vida diaria; y la calidad de vida específica para accidentes cerebrovasculares. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva con la ayuda del software Graph Pad Prism. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: La población estuvo constituida por 53 individuos, la mayoría institucionalizados (67,93%) y del sexo masculino (58,49%). En este estudio, se encontró que los ancianos no institucionalizados después de un accidente cerebrovascular tuvieron resultados más positivos en términos de salud cognitiva, movilidad y equilibrio, y calidad de vida, posiblemente debido a su autonomía, mantenimiento de relaciones familiares, afecto y vida social. Conclusión: Los adultos mayores no institucionalizados post-accidente cerebrovascular mostraron un mejor desempeño en cognición, movilidad y calidad de vida, posiblemente debido a su mayor autonomía y vínculos sociales. El estudio destaca la importancia de las estrategias de promoción de la salud basadas en diferentes contextos de vida. Se recomienda realizar más investigaciones con muestras más grandes para obtener resultados más representativos.
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