Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia del acoso escolar (bullying), sus formas de participación y la victimización entre estudiantes de Medicina. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado entre septiembre y diciembre de 2020, con estudiantes del primero al duodécimo semestre del curso de Medicina, matriculados regularmente y que firmaron el Consentimiento Informado. Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos e información sobre la participación en acoso (perpetración y victimización), considerando las formas verbal, relacional, indirecta y ciberacoso. Resultados: La prevalencia total de acoso fue del 65,94%, predominando la forma verbal (65,18%). Hubo predominio masculino en las categorías de perpetración, acoso total, acoso verbal, ciberacoso y relacional (p < 0,05). La victimización fue más frecuente entre los participantes con ingresos inferiores a tres salarios mínimos (p = 0,022). Entre los perpetradores, fueron más frecuentes los estudiantes heterosexuales, solteros y con ingresos superiores a doce salarios mínimos (p < 0,05). Conclusión: La prevalencia y los patrones identificados fueron similares a los descritos en la literatura internacional. El estudio caracterizó las formas de acoso y su relación con factores sociodemográficos, contribuyendo a la comprensión del fenómeno en la educación médica.
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