Palabras clave
Capacidad funcional
Calidad de vida
Cómo citar
Copyright © | Todos los derechos reservados.
La revista posee los derechos de autor exclusivos para la publicación de este artículo en los términos de la ley brasileña 9610/98.
Reproducción parcial
El uso de partes de los textos, figuras y cuestionario del artículo es libre, siendo obligatoria la citación de los autores y revista.
Reproducción total
Está expresamente prohibido y debe ser autorizado por la revista.
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el perfil de síntomas no motores en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Métodos: Estudio observacional cuantitativo transversal con 53 pacientes de ambos sexos y edades entre 43 y 85 años, evaluados mediante un cuestionario sobre síntomas no motores de la enfermedad de Parkinson, incluyendo disfagia, disfonía, disosmia, disacusia, desequilibrio, alteraciones del habla y del lenguaje, trastornos del sueño y déficit cognitivo, y mediante escalas estandarizadas (Escala de Hoehn y Yahr y Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth). Resultados: Hubo predominio del sexo femenino (64,2%), con 67,9% de los pacientes con edad ≥60 años y 94,3% alfabetizados. La duración media de los síntomas fue de 5,5 años, con prevalencia de trastornos del sueño (86,8%), disfagia (75,5%), trastornos del habla (66%), alteraciones del lenguaje (41%), disacusia (34%) y alteraciones del equilibrio (36,5%), así como complicaciones nutricionales y cognitivas. El análisis estadístico indicó distribución no normal de las puntuaciones de somnolencia y progresión de la enfermedad, sin correlación significativa entre la gravedad motora y la somnolencia diurna. Conclusión: Los síntomas no motores de la enfermedad de Parkinson son prevalentes, aumentando morbilidad de la enfermedad y reduciendo calidad de vida. Este conocimiento es importante para manejo individualizado y rehabilitación de esta población.
Referencias
ACÁCIO BLS, et al. Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com Doença de Parkinson atendidos em um ambulatório de neurogeriatria. Revista Brasileira de Revisão de Saúde, 2024; 1: 5915–5925.
ANANTHAVARATHAN P, et al. Neurological update: non-motor symptoms in atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Journal of Neurology, 2023; 270: 4558–4578.
BARBOSA ALG, et al. Avaliação da deglutição e o impacto na qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 2020; 12(4): e2929.
BARRETO KS, et al. Non-motor symptoms fluctuations in patients with Parkinson's disease at the Clinical Hospital of Salvador, Bahia. Dementia Neuropsychologia, 2022; 16(2): 213–219.
BUGALHO P, et al. Progression in Parkinson's disease: variation in motor and non-motor symptoms severity and predictors of decline in cognition, motor function, disability, and health-related quality of life as assessed by two different methods. Movement Disorders Clinical Practice, 2021; 8(6): 885–895.
CABREIRA V, MASSANO J. Doença de Parkinson: Revisão clínica e atualização. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 2019; 32(10): 661–670.
CAMICIOLI RM, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms and Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2023; 101(12): e207722.
CARPI M, et al. Both motor and non-motor fluctuations matter in the clinical management of patients with Parkinson's disease: an exploratory study. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2023; 13(2): 242.
CHEN J, et al. Managing non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease in China: a nationwide survey of neurologists and psychiatrists. BMC Neurology, 2025; 25: 168.
DI LAUDO F, et al. Daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease: a multifaceted symptom. Frontiers in Sleep, 2023; 2: e1302021.
GARASTO E, et al. Association between hearing sensitivity and dopamine transporter availability in Parkinson’s disease. Brain Communications, 2023; 5(2): 1–10.
GARASTO E, et al. Hearing dysfunction heralds an increase in non-motor burden and a worse quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: new insights from non-motor spectrum. Neurological Sciences, 2024; 45: 4299–4307.
GONÇALVES MT, et al. Epworth sleepiness scale: a meta-analytic study on the internal consistency. Sleep Medicine, 2023; 109: 261–269.
GOOCH E, et al. Higher frequency of stuttered disfluencies negatively affects communicative participation in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024; 67(3): 3631–3642.
GUI M, et al. Vestibular dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: a neglected topic. Frontiers in Neurology, 2024; 15: 1398764.
JANKOVIC J, TAN EK. Parkinson’s disease: Etiopathogenesis and treatment. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 2020; 91(8): 795–808.
JOSE M, et al. Functional hearing impairment common in Parkinson’s disease: Insights from a pilot study. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2024; 246: 108524.
KATAOKA H, SUGIE K. Association between fatigue and Hoehn-Yahr staging in Parkinson’s disease: eight-year follow-up study. Neurology International, 2021; 13(2): 224–231.
LAPA JDDS, et al. Burst transspinal magnetic stimulation alleviates nociceptive pain in Parkinson disease—a pilot phase II double-blind, randomized study. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, 2023; 26(4): 840–849.
LEONHARDT B, et al. Awareness of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 2019; 33(5): 633.
LEMUS J, SMIRNOVA IV. Rehabilitation for non-motor symptoms for patients with Parkinson’s disease from an α‑synuclein perspective: a narrative review. Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy, 2023; 3(4): 235–257.
LIU Y, et al. Clinical characteristics in early Parkinson's disease with excessive daytime sleepiness: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Clinical and Translational Science, 2023; 16(11): 2033–2045.
LOPES FG, et al. Prevalência de sintomas não motores em pessoas com doença de Parkinson no Brasil. Revista Neurociências, 2024; 32: 1–20.
MICHAL L, et al. Parkinson's disease and the gastrointestinal microbiome. Journal of Neurology, 2020; 267(9): 3123–3134.
NING F, et al. The effects of non-pharmacological therapies for dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review. Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, 2024; 23(11): 204.
RAHMAN SS, et al. Assessment of the relationship between non-motor features and severity of Parkinson's disease patients in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Medical Journal, 2023; 32(2): 463–475.
SARDAR Z, et al. Non-motor symptoms burden in early stages of Parkinson's disease. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 2023; 26(1): 39–43.
SILVA ABG, et al. Doença de Parkinson: revisão de literatura. Brazilian Journal of Development, 2021; 7(5): 47677–47698.
STORCH A, et al. Flutuações da dor na Doença de Parkinson e sua associação com flutuações motoras e não motoras. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, 2024; 14(7): 1451–1468.
SUBERT M, et al. Long-term dopaminergic therapy improves spoken language in de-novo Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurology, 2025; 272(5): 1-11.
TAN AH, et al. The microbiome‑gut‑brain axis in Parkinson disease—from basic research to the clinic. Nature Reviews Neurology, 2022; 18(8): 509–525.
VAN HOOREN MRA, et al. The effects of surface electrical stimulation plus voice therapy in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Laryngology and Otology, 2023; 137: 775–781.
WARNECKE T, et al. Gastrointestinal involvement in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. npj Parkinson’s Disease, 2022; 8(1): 31.
XU H, et al. Speech and Language Therapy for Voice Problems in Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2020; 32: 344–351.