Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de los cambios en el estilo de vida en el manejo del Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico (SOP), con énfasis en los desenlaces clínicos, metabólicos y reproductivos. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada según la estrategia PRISMA, utilizando las bases de datos SciELO, LILACS y PubMed. Para orientar la búsqueda, se aplicaron filtros (idioma, acceso abierto y rango de edad). Se incluyeron estudios experimentales y observacionales con mujeres ≥13 años diagnosticadas con SOP. Los desenlaces de interés incluyeron datos antropométricos, metabólicos y hormonales. Resultados: Las intervenciones en el estilo de vida demostraron una reducción consistente de los marcadores glucémicos y una mejora en los perfiles lipídico y antropométrico. Se observó una disminución de los andrógenos y un aumento en la proporción de hormonas reproductivas, indicando una restauración parcial del eje reproductivo y de las manifestaciones clínicas. Los protocolos dietéticos, los programas combinados con ejercicio y las intervenciones digitales mostraron efectos favorables y, en algunos casos, superiores a los cuidados habituales. Consideraciones finales: La modificación del estilo de vida es una estrategia eficaz en el tratamiento del SOP, promoviendo mejoras integradas en los perfiles metabólico, hormonal y antropométrico, con un posible impacto positivo en la fertilidad. Se reconoce que limitaciones como la falta de heterogeneidad de las muestras, los diseños de estudio y los tipos de intervención limitaron la capacidad de extrapolación de los resultados.
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