Palabras clave
Niños
Adolescentes
Sistema de infusión de insulina
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar el impacto de los sistemas de infusión continua de insulina en el control glucémico de pacientes pediátricos con DM1. Métodos: Revisión sistemática registrada en PROSPERO (CRD420261358186) para garantizar la transparencia metodológica. La estrategia de búsqueda utilizó descriptores DeCS/MeSH en las bases PubMed, Portal CAPES y Cochrane. Se incluyeron estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años con pacientes de hasta 18 años con DM1. En total, se analizaron 19 estudios. Resultados: En niños de 1 a 7 años, se observó un aumento significativo del TIR y reducción de la HbA1c, sin incremento de hipoglucemia. En el grupo de 6 a 12 años, hubo disminución del tiempo en hipoglucemia y mejora del control metabólico. Los niños más pequeños presentaron un aumento absoluto de aproximadamente 8–9 puntos porcentuales en el TIR. Los sistemas híbridos avanzados mantuvieron beneficios durante el seguimiento, reduciendo la hipoglucemia y la exposición a hiperglucemia. Además, se reportaron mejoras en la satisfacción con el tratamiento, menor miedo a la hipoglucemia y reducción de la carga del manejo de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: Los sistemas automatizados de infusión continua de insulina ofrecen beneficios clínicos relevantes, mejorando el control glucémico y aspectos psicosociales en niños y adolescentes con DM1.
Referencias
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