Palabras clave
Nutrición
Calidad del sueño
Intervención nutricional
Revisión integrativa
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar las intervenciones nutricionales para mejorar la calidad del sueño en adultos sanos, según lo descrito en la literatura. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integrativa guiada por las recomendaciones descritas en PRISMA-P 2020 (Ítems de Informe Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis para Protocolos 2020) y realizada con base en la pregunta: "¿Qué intervenciones dietéticas se utilizan para promover la calidad del sueño en adultos sanos?". La búsqueda inicial identificó 2390 artículos, de los cuales 953 fueron seleccionados para la evaluación de elegibilidad. Finalmente, 27 estudios cumplieron todos los criterios y fueron incluidos en esta revisión. Resultados: Los suplementos nutricionales, incluyendo minerales, compuestos naturales y probióticos, son eficaces para mejorar la calidad del sueño, actuando sobre mecanismos como la regulación hormonal y la interacción intestino-cerebro, especialmente comprometida en situaciones de estrés. La composición de la dieta puede influir en el sueño: las dietas ricas en carbohidratos promueven un mayor deterioro en personas obesas, mientras que las dietas ricas en proteínas favorecen un sueño más reparador. Incluso en personas sanas, las diferencias en la composición de la dieta no son significativas. Consideraciones finales: Los estudios no han sido concluyentes, lo que dificulta establecer un protocolo nutricional para la población adulta sana que promueva una buena calidad del sueño.
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