Cuidados de enfermería en el periodo postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca

Resumen

Objective: To describe postoperative nursing care in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: This is an integrative review, in which 150 articles were selected from the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and CAPES Periodicals Portal databases. For the first stage, 70 articles were chosen based on descriptors and their combinations in Portuguese. Subsequently, 42 articles were excluded, and only 28 were selected. In the third stage, 9 were excluded, and a critical reading of 19 articles was performed, from which 14 comprise the final sample. The inclusion criteria for the research were field studies with a qualitative and quantitative approach in Portuguese available in the aforementioned databases described in the last six years. Studies that did not clearly describe the methods of data collection and analysis, dissertations, and review studies were excluded. Results: Cardiac surgery is a complex procedure that requires a qualified multidisciplinary team; in this context, the main postoperative complications of cardiac surgery found in the studies were arrhythmias and hypotension. Final considerations: It became evident that surgical care provided by nursing professionals to cardiac patients requires a skilled team to ensure patient safety.