Palabras clave
Paquetes de Atención al Paciente
Lista de Verificación
Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos
Costos de Hospital
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto económico de la implementación de paquetes de medidas y listas de verificación para la prevención de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo relacionadas con catéteres en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la literatura sin metaanálisis, realizada según las directrices PRISMA 2020 y PRISMA-P, registrada en PROSPERO (CRD 42023470441). Se consultaron nueve bases de datos (BDENF, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus y Web of Science) entre 2012 y 2022. La calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante la Escala de Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS).. Resultados: Se incluyeron nueve estudios. La mayoría fueron estudios observacionales pre y post intervención. La implementación de paquetes de medidas y listas de verificación redujo significativamente las tasas de CLABSI y los costos de atención médica, con reducciones de infecciones de hasta el 89 % y ahorros que superaron el millón de dólares estadounidenses por hospital. Se identificaron limitaciones como la heterogeneidad metodológica y la variabilidad en la adherencia. Conclusión: La implementación estructurada de paquetes de medidas, combinada con el uso de listas de verificación, reduce los costos de infecciones del torrente sanguíneo relacionadas con catéteres y los costos hospitalarios, estableciendo una estrategia eficaz para la seguridad del paciente y la optimización de los recursos en las UCI.
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