Palabras clave
Mujeres embarazadas
Acceso a los servicios de salud
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar la evidencia científica sobre las barreras al acceso y la adherencia a la atención prenatal entre mujeres embarazadas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica integradora mediante la consulta de las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y Caribeña en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Biblioteca de Enfermería (BDENF) y Sistema de Recuperación y Análisis de Literatura Médica en Línea (MEDLINE). Se incluyeron artículos publicados entre 2016 y 2026, en portugués, inglés y español, disponibles en texto completo. Al final de la selección, se analizaron 27 estudios. Resultados: La evidencia demostró que las barreras al acceso y la adherencia a la atención prenatal son multifactoriales e involucran factores socioeconómicos, geográficos, organizacionales y relacionales. Se destacaron los bajos ingresos, la baja educación, las dificultades de transporte, la distancia a los centros de salud, las deficiencias en los servicios y la atención deshumanizada. Consideraciones finales: Los estudios indican que los factores socioeconómicos, geográficos, organizacionales, culturales y relacionales tienen una influencia considerable en el uso de los servicios de salud durante el embarazo. Las investigaciones también demostraron que la pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbó muchos de estos problemas, limitando el acceso a los servicios y agravando las desigualdades existentes.
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