Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico, la prevalencia de síntomas depresivos y déficit cognitivo, así como los factores asociados a estos resultados en personas mayores atendidas en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y transversal, realizado con 79 personas registradas, en 2024. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, el Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MEEM) y la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica abreviada (EDG-15). Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: Predominaron las mujeres (74,7%), individuos con edades entre 60 y 79 años (77,2%), baja escolaridad (70,9%) y renta familiar entre uno y tres salarios mínimos (51,9%). Se observó elevada frecuencia de enfermedades crónicas (81%), sedentarismo (63,3%) y dolor crónico (53,2%). La prevalencia de síntomas depresivos fue del 31,6%, mientras que el déficit cognitivo fue del 22,8%. Los síntomas depresivos se asociaron con la presencia de dolor crónico y con el déficit cognitivo. El deterioro cognitivo presentó asociación con edad igual o superior a 80 años. Conclusión: Se identificó elevada prevalencia de síntomas depresivos y déficit cognitivo entre personas atendidas en la Atención Primaria de Salud. La asociación entre dolor crónico, síntomas depresivos y deterioro cognitivo evidencia la necesidad de rastrear estos problemas e implementar intervenciones multidimensionales dirigidas a la promoción de la salud mental y al mantenimiento de la autonomía de la persona mayor.
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