Palabras clave
Actividad física
Factores de riesgo
Posmenopausia
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar la asociación entre los niveles de actividad física a lo largo de la vida, en los dominios doméstico, ocupacional y recreativo, y el riesgo de cáncer de mama en usuarias de un servicio público de salud. Métodos: Estudio observacional, cuantitativo, de casos y controles, realizado en el ambulatorio de Mastología del Hospital São Paulo, Universidad Federal de São Paulo, entre mayo de 2016 y octubre de 2018. Participaron 241 mujeres, 80 con antecedente de cáncer de mama y 161 con enfermedades mamarias benignas. La actividad física fue evaluada mediante los cuestionarios Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire y Baecke. Los análisis incluyeron prueba t, chi-cuadrado y regresión logística múltiple ajustada por edad, etnia y antecedentes familiares. Resultados: No se observó asociación significativa entre la actividad física total a lo largo de la vida y el riesgo de cáncer de mama. Tras la estratificación por estado menopáusico, una mayor actividad física ocupacional se asoció con una menor probabilidad de cáncer de mama en mujeres posmenopáusicas (p=0,03; OR=0,99; IC95%: 0,98–0,99). Conclusión: La actividad física ocupacional se asoció con una menor probabilidad de cáncer de mama en mujeres posmenopáusicas; sin embargo, los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela.
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