Keywords
Zika
Acute flaccid paralysis
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Abstract
Objective: Report the case of a male infant with Guillain-Barré Syndrome triggered by the Zika vírus. Case details: This is a two-year-old child case who started with symmetrical bilateral muscle weakness without infectious prodromes. He evolved with respiratory discomfort and dysautonomia, undergoing lumbar puncture and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment after confirmation of albumin-cytological dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid. He showed a demyelinating pattern on electroneuromyography, as well as albuminocytological dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid and positive IgM and IgG serologies for Zika virus. Three months after the onset of the condition, the child made a full recovery. Final considerations: The syndrome is characterized as an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy and has infectious and immunological triggers, including arbovirus diseases. The clinical picture is marked by bilateral, symmetrical and ascending muscle weakness, as well as hyporeflexia and dysautonomia. The diagnosis is made according to the clinical history, physical examination and is supported by electroneuromyography (ENMG) results and typical cerebrospinal fluid characteristics. Treatment includes intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, which are reserved for severe cases of the disease.
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