Keywords
Multidrug resistance gene
Bacterial antibiotic resistance
Environment
Covid-19
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Abstract
Objective: To identify bacterial resistance genes, resistant bacterial strains, and antibiotics present in various environmental matrices, including water samples, treatment plants, and effluents, both impacted and unimpacted by anthropogenic activity, during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Methods: This is an integrative literature review that selected clinical trials and observational studies published in English between 2020 and 2023, using the MedLine and Embase databases. The search was conducted using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), focusing on antibiotic resistance genes, microbial resistance, COVID-19, and metagenomics. Results: The six selected articles demonstrated a variety of bacterial resistance genes, resistant bacteria, and the presence of antibiotics in diverse environments, with a significant increase in many of these during the pandemic. Final considerations: This review highlighted that the intense selective pressure exerted by the widespread use of antibiotics during the pandemic outbreak has substantially contributed to the increase in microbial resistance or resistomes.
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