Keywords
Endoscopic findings
Epidemiological profile
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the most frequent endoscopic findings in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) at a reference clinic in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from January to December 2024. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and retrospective study based on the quantitative analysis of 300 UGE reports, which included patient age, sex, and clinical indication. Data were recorded on an electronic form and analyzed descriptively and inferentially using BioEstat® 5.4, tables, graphs, and the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). Results: The sample of 300 patients showed a similar distribution between sexes (p = 0.7290), with a predominance of individuals aged 40 to 59 years (61%; p < 0.0001). The main clinical indications were abdominal pain (25.3%) and gastritis (22.3%) (p < 0.0001). The most frequent endoscopic findings were gastritis (68.3%) and esophagitis (60.7%) (p < 0.0001), followed by hiatal hernia and bulboduodenitis. There was no difference between sexes regarding the findings (p = 0.5691). Conclusion: These results provide an updated overview of the local endoscopic profile and can support the improvement of gastrointestinal investigation and management strategies. Prospective investigations with greater clinical detail are recommended to deepen the regional epidemiological understanding.
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