Factors associated with Burnout Syndrome in Primary Health Care nurses

Abstract

Objective: To identify, in the scientific literature of the last decade, the factors related to the development of Burnout Syndrome in primary health care nurses. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, guided by the steps proposed by Whittemore and Knafl and the PRISMA method. The guiding question was structured using the PICo strategy. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and CINAHL databases, considering studies published in the last decade, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven studies comprised the final sample. Results: The studies pointed to sociodemographic, occupational, organizational, and biopsychosocial aspects as associated factors, highlighting work overload, high working hours, multiple employment relationships, unfavorable practice environments, anxiety, depression, and compassion fatigue. Protective factors included good interpersonal relationships, professional recognition, social support, and greater experience. Final considerations: Burnout syndrome in primary healthcare nurses is multifactorial and strongly related to working conditions and organization. The findings reinforce the need for institutional strategies aimed at promoting the mental health of these professionals and improving practice environments.