Keywords
Hydroxyurea
Fetal hemoglobin
Hemoglobinopathies
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Abstract
Objective: To characterize the clinical and laboratory profile of patients with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) using hydroxyurea (HU) treated at the Pará Hemotherapy and Hematology Center Foundation (HEMOPA). Methods: This is an analytical, retrospective, and comparative study based on the analysis of medical records and laboratory data of adult patients with the HbSS genotype followed for two years. The sample consisted of 120 individuals, divided into a group treated with HU (n=93) and a group without treatment (n=27). Clinical parameters such as vaso-occlusive crises, transfusions, and acute chest syndrome were evaluated, in addition to hematological and biochemical variables. Results: A significant reduction in vaso-occlusive crises was observed in the group treated with HU, associated with a progressive increase in fetal hemoglobin and a decrease in the hemoglobin S fraction. Changes in hematimetric indices, with an increase in Mean Corcuspulal Volume (MCV) and a reduction in reticulocytosis, indicated less hemolysis and greater erythrocyte stability. Treatment with HU was also associated with a favorable inflammatory profile and low levels of transaminases and urea, without a negative impact on renal function. Conclusion: It is concluded that HU promotes relevant clinical and laboratory benefits in patients with SCA, reinforcing the importance of therapeutic adherence and individualized follow-up in the management of the disease.
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