Abstract
Objective: To describe a case of a patient with a thyroglossal duct cyst with squamous cell carcinoma. Case Report: A 51-year-old male patient sought the endocrinology service complaining of a cervical mass without associated symptoms. Cervical ultrasound was then requested, which revealed the presence of cystic formation of thin walls, thick homogeneous content, in the aspect of a grain of sand, located in the midline. The hypothesis of Ducto Tireoglossus Cyst was suggested, and an expectant approach was adopted, with periodic cervical ultrasounds. After approximately eighteen months, an increase in the size of the cyst was observed, and he was then referred to the Head and Neck Surgery service. Based on the physical exam and other exams, the diagnosis of Ducto Tireoglossus Cyst was established and opted for Sistrunk surgery and sending material for anatomopathology. After pathological analysis, the diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Ducto Thyroglossal Cyst was elucidated. A new surgical approach was then indicated with total laryngectomy. Final Considerations: Since Ducto Thyroglossal Squamous Cell Carcinoma is an entity that does not initially show clinical signs of alarm, malignancy should be suspected whenever there is a case of Ducto Thyroglossal Cyst.