Abstract
Objective: To describe a case report of a pathological fracture of the left femur in a patient with metastatic squamous cell lung cancer. Case Details: ALC, 72 years old, male, ex-smoker, attended the Basic Health Unit complaining of pain in his left leg. Without respiratory complaints, the patient had a suspicious lesion in the chest wall that underwent a complementary examination, in addition to radiography of the left lower limb for evaluation. As a result of imaging exams, the patient was referred to the oncology referral unit and a biopsy was performed in the chest wall lesion. Histopathological analysis showed metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma, with expression of the P40 marker, indicative of squamous cell carcinoma. The scintigraphy showed multiple metastases, evolving with a pathological fracture in the left femur while waiting for cancer treatment to begin. Final considerations: Despite therapeutic advances, mortality from this cancer subtype is still significant, and is mainlyrelated with cancer stage at diagnosis. Thus, early identification and primary prevention in the systematic fight against smoking are the main tools to reduce the incidence and, consequently, the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.